Rubber shock absorbers, as an important type of damping component, have been widely used in various machinery, automobiles, railway locomotives, water transportation vehicles, airplanes, and other aircraft. It can be said that rubber shock absorbers are needed wherever shock absorption and isolation are needed. The reason why rubber shock absorbers are so widely used is because they effectively utilize the following characteristics of rubber:
1) Rubber has high elasticity and viscoelasticity;
2) Compared with steel materials, rubber has a large elastic deformation and a small elastic modulus;
3) The impact stiffness of rubber is greater than the dynamic stiffness, and the dynamic stiffness is also greater than the static stiffness, which is beneficial for reducing impact deformation and dynamic deformation;
4) The stress-strain curve is an elliptical hysteresis line, with an area equal to the vibration energy (damping) converted into heat at each vibration cycle, which can be adjusted through formula design;
5) Rubber is an incompressible material (with a Poisson's ratio of 0.5);
6) The shape of rubber can be freely selected, and the hardness can be adjusted through formula design to meet the requirements of stiffness and strength in different directions.
