The word rubber comes from the Indian word cau-uchu, which means "weeping tree". Natural rubber is produced by coagulating and drying the latex that flows out when tapping the rubber tree. In 1770, British chemist J. Priestley discovered that rubber could be used to erase pencil writing. At that time, the material used for this purpose was called rubber, and the term is still used today. The molecular chains of rubber can be cross-linked. When the cross-linked rubber is deformed by external force, it has the ability to recover quickly and has good physical and mechanical properties and chemical stability. Rubber is the basic raw material of the rubber industry and is widely used in the manufacture of tires, hoses, tapes, cables and other various rubber products. The Hevea tree provides the most commercial rubber. It secretes a large amount of sap containing rubber emulsion when it is injured (such as the bark of the stem being cut).
In addition, fig trees and some Euphorbiaceae plants also provide rubber. Germany tried to obtain rubber from these plants during World War II when its rubber supply was cut off, but later switched to producing artificial rubber.
The original rubber trees grew in South America, but after artificial transplantation, a large number of rubber trees are also planted in Southeast Asia. In fact, Asia has become the most important source of rubber.
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