Key Types of Rubber Materials
Natural Rubber (NR): Derived from Hevea Brasiliensis tree sap (latex), it boasts high tensile strength and elasticity, commonly used for tires and shock absorbers.
Synthetic Rubber: Petroleum-based, engineered for specific environments (e.g., oil resistance). Common types include:
EPDM: Excellent heat and weather resistance.
Nitrile (NBR): High oil and fuel resistance.
SBR: Common, cost-effective, used for tires.
Silicone: Wide temperature range.
Key Properties and Characteristics
Elasticity & Resilience: Ability to withstand high deformation and snap back.
Stress Crystallization: Natural rubber becomes tougher when stretched, providing high tear resistance.
Durability: Resistant to abrasion, friction, and environmental damage.
Chemical Resistance: Varies by type; many synthetic rubbers resist oil, while natural rubber has poor chemical resistance.
Thermal Properties: Generally, rubber maintains flexibility at low temperatures and, depending on the type, can withstand high temperatures.
Processing and Applications
Vulcanization: A curing process using heat and sulfur to cross-link polymer chains, enhancing elasticity, strength, and stability.
Applications: Tires, seals, gaskets, hoses, gloves, footwear, and anti-vibration mounts for machinery.